Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?
This paper aims to quantify the relationship between occupational gender segregation and gender wage disparities in Pakistan. Non-parametric matching-based decomposition method and a detailed set of individual and labor market characteristics, especially the detailed occupations at a 3-digit level, are used to determine the gender wage gap for males and females in and out of the common support. The results show that even though the inclusion of a detailed set of human capital, labor market characteristics, and occupational segregation by gender helps in explaining most of the gender wage gap, a large proportion of the gender wage gap remained unexplained and can be attributed to gender discrimination. A comparison of rural and urban labor markets shows a high rate of the gender wage gap in rural areas compared to urban areas of the country.
Population Review
Volume 62, Number 2, 2023
Type: Article, pp. 60-78
Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?
Authors: Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Norashidah Mohamed Nor
Authors affiliations: All authors’ affiliations are with School of Business and Economics, University Putra (UPM),
Malaysia.
Corresponding author/address: Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Email: zaheer.onnet@gmail.com
Abstract
This paper aims to quantify the relationship between occupational gender segregation and gender wage disparities in Pakistan. Non-parametric matching-based decomposition method and a detailed set of individual and labor market characteristics, especially the detailed occupations at a 3-digit level, are used to determine the gender wage gap for males and females in and out of the common support. The results show that even though the inclusion of a detailed set of human capital, labor market characteristics, and occupational segregation by gender helps in explaining most of the gender wage gap, a large proportion of the gender wage gap remained unexplained and can be attributed to gender discrimination. A comparison of rural and urban labor markets shows a high rate of the gender wage gap in rural areas compared to urban areas of the country.
Keywords
gender wage gap, occupational segregation, non-parametric, matching, labor market
© 2023 Sociological Demography Press
MLA
Khan, Muhammad Zaheer, et al. “Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?” Population Review, vol. 62 no. 2, 2023, p. 60-78. Project MUSE, https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.a909144.
APA
Khan, M.Z., Said, R., Mazlan, N.S., & Nor, N.M. (2023). Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?Population Review 62(2), 60-78. https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.a909144.
Chicago
Khan, Muhammad Zaheer, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, and Norashidah Mohamed Nor. “Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?” Population Review 62, no. 2 (2023): 60-78. https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.a909144.
Endnote
TY – JOUR T1 – Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter? A1 – Khan, Muhammad Zaheer A1 – Said, Rusmawati A1 – Mazlan, Nur Syazwani A1 – Nor, Norashidah Mohamed JF – Population Review VL – 62 IS – 2 SP – 60 EP – 78 PY – 2023 PB – Sociological Demography Press SN – 1549-0955 UR – https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/251/article/909144 N1 – Volume 62, Number 2, 2023 ER –
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